Inserting values from one table into another, with another set of values. How can I insert values from one table to another table, along with a set of other values? Tutorial on writting various kinds of database update/manipulation queries in LinQ To SQL syntax with details code examples. Knex.js is a "batteries included" SQL query builder for Postgres, MSSQL, MySQL, MariaDB, SQLite3, and Oracle designed to be flexible, portable, and fun to use. The #1 SQL Server community and education site, with articles, news, forums, scripts and FAQs. I have tables 'Employee'.. By submitting your personal information, you agree that Tech. Target and its partners may contact you regarding relevant content, products and special offers. You also agree that your personal information may be transferred and processed in the United States, and that you have read and agree to the Terms of Use and the Privacy Policy. Loan'. Employee Table Structure. Loan Table Structure. Loan. Amount, and some other fields. I want to insert Employee. No., Basic. Pay from 'Employee' table into 'Loan' table, and at the same time I want to insert a value for 'Loan. Amount' column of 'Loans' table. How can I do this in a single query? You need to at least know the "connecting" piece of information between the two tables in order to do this. It appears that in your example, the connecting column is the Employee No column. Therefore, in order to get the Basic. Pay value from the Employee table to populate the Loan table, you'd need to know the employee number when you are inserting into Loan. I created the following example to answer your question. ENO BASICPAY. - -- -- -- -- - - -- -- -- -- -. To insert a row into the loan table for employee number 3 with a loan amount of 1. INSERT INTO loan. SELECT eno, basicpay, 1. WHERE eno = 3 . ENO BASICPAY LOANAMT. You could also do this in a before INSERT trigger to populate the basicpay column with the appropriate value as follows. ![]() ![]() Microsoft SQL Server is a relational database management system (RDBMS). Use this tag for all SQL Server editions including Compact, Express, Azure, Fast-track, APS. CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER i_loantab_trigger. BEFORE INSERT ON loan. TYPE . SELECT basicpay. INTO v_basicpay. FROM employees. WHERE eno = : new. WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN. Then when you issue the following INSERT statement. INSERT INTO loan (eno, loanamt) VALUES (2, 1. ENO BASICPAY LOANAMT. Hope that helps! For More Information. Dozens more answers to tough Oracle questions from Karen Morton are available. The Best Oracle Web Links: tips, tutorials, scripts, and more. Have an Oracle or SQL tip to offer your fellow DBAs and developers? The best tips submitted will receive a cool prize. Submit your tip today! Ask your technical Oracle and SQL questions - - or help out your peers by answering them - - in our live discussion forums. Ask the Experts yourself: Our SQL, database design, Oracle, SQL Server, DB2, metadata, object- oriented and data warehousing gurus are waiting to answer your toughest questions. SQL injection - Wikipedia. A classification of SQL injection attacking vector as of 2. SQL injection is a code injection technique, used to attack data- driven applications, in which nefarious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution (e. SQL injection must exploit a security vulnerability in an application's software, for example, when user input is either incorrectly filtered for string literalescape characters embedded in SQL statements or user input is not strongly typed and unexpectedly executed. SQL injection is mostly known as an attack vector for websites but can be used to attack any type of SQL database. SQL injection attacks allow attackers to spoof identity, tamper with existing data, cause repudiation issues such as voiding transactions or changing balances, allow the complete disclosure of all data on the system, destroy the data or make it otherwise unavailable, and become administrators of the database server. In a 2. 01. 2 study, it was observed that the average web application received 4 attack campaigns per month, and retailers received twice as many attacks as other industries.[2]History[edit]The first public discussions of SQL injection started appearing around 1. Phrack Magazine.[4]SQL injection (SQLI) was considered one of the top 1. Open Web Application Security Project.[5] In 2. SQLI was rated the number one attack on the OWASP top ten.[6] There are four main sub- classes of SQL injection: The Storm Worm is one representation of Compounded SQLI.[1. This classification represents the state of SQLI, respecting its evolution until 2. Technical implementations[edit]Incorrectly filtered escape characters[edit]This form of SQL injection occurs when user input is not filtered for escape characters and is then passed into an SQL statement. This results in the potential manipulation of the statements performed on the database by the end- user of the application. The following line of code illustrates this vulnerability. SELECT*FROMusers. WHEREname='" + user. Name + "'; ". This SQL code is designed to pull up the records of the specified username from its table of users. However, if the "user. Name" variable is crafted in a specific way by a malicious user, the SQL statement may do more than the code author intended. For example, setting the "user. Name" variable as. SQL comments[1. 3]). All three lines have a space at the end. OR '1'='1' - -. ' OR '1'='1' ({. OR '1'='1' /*. renders one of the following SQL statements by the parent language: SELECT*FROMusers. WHEREname=''OR'1'='1'; SELECT*FROMusers. WHEREname=''OR'1'='1'- - '; If this code were to be used in an authentication procedure then this example could be used to force the selection of every data field (*) from all users rather than from one specific user name as the coder intended, because the evaluation of '1'='1' is always true (short- circuit evaluation). The following value of "user. Name" in the statement below would cause the deletion of the "users" table as well as the selection of all data from the "userinfo" table (in essence revealing the information of every user), using an API that allows multiple statements. DROPTABLEusers; SELECT*FROMuserinfo. WHERE't'='t. This input renders the final SQL statement as follows and specified: SELECT*FROMusers. WHEREname='a'; DROPTABLEusers; SELECT*FROMuserinfo. WHERE't'='t'; While most SQL server implementations allow multiple statements to be executed with one call in this way, some SQL APIs such as PHP's mysql_query() function do not allow this for security reasons. This prevents attackers from injecting entirely separate queries, but doesn't stop them from modifying queries. Incorrect type handling[edit]This form of SQL injection occurs when a user- supplied field is not strongly typed or is not checked for type constraints. This could take place when a numeric field is to be used in a SQL statement, but the programmer makes no checks to validate that the user supplied input is numeric. For example. statement : = "SELECT*FROMuserinfo. WHEREid=" + a_variable + "; ". It is clear from this statement that the author intended a_variable to be a number correlating to the "id" field. However, if it is in fact a string then the end- user may manipulate the statement as they choose, thereby bypassing the need for escape characters. For example, setting a_variable to. DROP TABLE users. SQL becomes: SELECT*FROMuserinfo. WHEREid=1; DROPTABLEusers; Blind SQL injection[edit]Blind SQL Injection is used when a web application is vulnerable to an SQL injection but the results of the injection are not visible to the attacker. The page with the vulnerability may not be one that displays data but will display differently depending on the results of a logical statement injected into the legitimate SQL statement called for that page. This type of attack has traditionally been considered time- intensive because a new statement needed to be crafted for each bit recovered, and depending on its structure, the attack may consist of many unsuccessful requests. Recent advancements have allowed each request to recover multiple bits, with no unsuccessful requests, allowing for more consistent and efficient extraction. There are several tools that can automate these attacks once the location of the vulnerability and the target information has been established.[1. Conditional responses[edit]One type of blind SQL injection forces the database to evaluate a logical statement on an ordinary application screen. As an example, a book review website uses a query string to determine which book review to display. So the URLhttp: //books. Review. php? ID=5 would cause the server to run the query. SELECT*FROMbookreviews. WHEREID='Value(ID)'; from which it would populate the review page with data from the review with ID 5, stored in the table bookreviews. The query happens completely on the server; the user does not know the names of the database, table, or fields, nor does the user know the query string. The user only sees that the above URL returns a book review. A hacker can load the URLs http: //books. Review. php? ID=5. OR1=1 and http: //books. Review. php? ID=5. AND1=2, which may result in queries. SELECT*FROMbookreviews. WHEREID='5'OR'1'='1'; SELECT*FROMbookreviews. WHEREID='5'AND'1'='2'; respectively. If the original review loads with the "1=1" URL and a blank or error page is returned from the "1=2" URL, and the returned page has not been created to alert the user the input is invalid, or in other words, has been caught by an input test script, the site is likely vulnerable to a SQL injection attack as the query will likely have passed through successfully in both cases. The hacker may proceed with this query string designed to reveal the version number of My. SQL running on the server: http: //books. Review. php? ID=5. ANDsubstring(@@version,1,INSTR(@@version,'.')- 1)=4, which would show the book review on a server running My. SQL 4 and a blank or error page otherwise. The hacker can continue to use code within query strings to glean more information from the server until another avenue of attack is discovered or his or her goals are achieved.[1. Second order SQL injection[edit]Second order SQL injection occurs when submitted values contain malicious commands that are stored rather than executed immediately. In some cases, the application may correctly encode an SQL statement and store it as valid SQL. Then, another part of that application without controls to protect against SQL injection might execute that stored SQL statement. This attack requires more knowledge of how submitted values are later used. Automated web application security scanners would not easily detect this type of SQL injection and may need to be manually instructed where to check for evidence that it is being attempted. Mitigation[edit]An SQL injection is a well known attack and easily prevented by simple measures. After an apparent SQL injection attack on Talktalk in 2. BBC reported that security experts were stunned that such a large company would be vulnerable to it.[1. Parameterized statements[edit]With most development platforms, parameterized statements that work with parameters can be used (sometimes called placeholders or bind variables) instead of embedding user input in the statement. A placeholder can only store a value of the given type and not an arbitrary SQL fragment. Hence the SQL injection would simply be treated as a strange (and probably invalid) parameter value.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. Archives
November 2017
Categories |